Time, day and month; nature and the seasons

People first measured long times: year, month, week, day; later they divided time into hours, minutes and seconds. In the past there were sundials, hourglasses and water clocks. The Earth spins on its axis once in 24 hours, which is called a day and night. The side facing the Sun has day, the opposite side has night. The Sun rises in the east and sets in the west because the Earth turns from west to east. In summer the Northern Hemisphere is lit longer, so days are long. The Moon is the Earth’s satellite and is lit by the Sun; the lit part we see changes from day to day: new Moon, waxing crescent, half Moon, full Moon and waning Moon. The cycle repeats about every month (29–30 days).