☰ Содержание · Родной язык (узбекский)

Этот предмет пока на узбекском и английском: в русских классах вместо него изучают «Русский язык» и «Литературное чтение». Ниже — английская версия.

Defining and indefinite pronouns

Уроки 17–18 · 2 урока · N. Mahmudov, A. Nurmonov, A. Sobirov, D. Nabiyeva, A. Mirzaahmedov. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 7, revised and expanded 4th edition. Ma’naviyat, Tashkent, 2017
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Defining pronouns

Textbook: pp. 30–31
ЦельKnow defining pronouns, how they are formed and how they are spelled.
Новые слова
defining pronoun · belgilash olmoshito sum up, to show collectively · jamlab ko‘rsatmoqeach, every · harwhole · butun
Объяснение

Defining pronouns give two kinds of meaning. The first is showing each member of a group separately: for this the word “har” comes with an interrogative pronoun or with the word “bir”: har kim (everyone), har nima (everything), har qachon (whenever, always), har qanday (any kind), har qaysi (each), har bir (every single). The second is showing a group as one whole: this meaning is given by hamma, barcha, bari, butun. For example: Har bir o‘yinchi to‘pni bir martadan tepdi (Each player kicked the ball once — one by one); Butun jamoa xursand bo‘ldi (The whole team was glad — as one whole). In a sentence these pronouns are subjects, attributes or objects. Pronouns with “har” consist of two words and are written separately.

Примеры
Har bir o‘quvchi kitobxon bo‘lsin (May every pupil be a reader). — “har bir” singles one out of the group.
Hamma maktabga yig‘ildi (Everyone gathered at school); butun sinf jim edi (the whole class was silent). — they sum up the group.
Работа в классе

“Hamma or har kim?”: the teacher begins a sentence and you finish it with a suitable defining pronoun.

Упражнения
1
Which are defining pronouns?
2
Form four defining pronouns with “har”.
3
What does “hamma” show in “Hamma bayramga tayyorlandi”?
4
Why is “har kim” written separately?