Этот предмет пока на узбекском и английском: в русских классах вместо него изучают «Русский язык» и «Литературное чтение». Ниже — английская версия.
Comparing particles and particles of doubt and negation
Уроки 66–67 · 2 урока · N. Mahmudov, A. Nurmonov, A. Sobirov, D. Nabiyeva, A. Mirzaahmedov. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 7, revised and expanded 4th edition. Ma’naviyat, Tashkent, 2017
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Comparing particles
Textbook: p. 118
ЦельKnow the comparing particles (xuddi, go‘yo, go‘yoki) and their two functions.
Новые слова
comparing particle · o‘xshatish-qiyoslash yuklamasiexactly like · xuddias if · go‘yoas though · go‘yoki
Объяснение
The particles xuddi, go‘yo, go‘yoki give the meaning of likening or comparing one thing to another, so they are called comparing particles. “Xuddi” shows exact likeness, while “go‘yo”, “go‘yoki” show a state that is not real but only seems so: Ukam xuddi otamga o‘xshaydi (My brother looks just like my father); Daraxtlar go‘yo bizga qo‘l silkitardi (The trees seemed to wave to us). They often come together with the suffix -day (-dek) or the postposition kabi and strengthen the comparison. These words also act as subordinating conjunctions, joining a subordinate clause to the main clause: Shunday quvondiki, go‘yo bayram kelgan edi (He was as glad as if a holiday had come).
Примеры
Xuddi onasiga o‘xshaydi (He looks exactly like his mother) — xuddi: exact likeness.
Go‘yo yulduzlar yerga tushganday (as if stars had fallen to earth) — go‘yo: an imagined comparison.
Работа в классе
My comparisons: make four comparisons with “xuddi” or “go‘yo” (Xuddi quyosh kabi iliq).
Упражнения
1
List the comparing particles.
Xuddi, go‘yo, go‘yoki.
2
Complete: U xuddi ... kabi chaqqon.
E.g. U xuddi olmaxon kabi chaqqon (He is as nimble as a squirrel).
3
In which sentence does “go‘yo” act as a conjunction?
U shunday jim ediki, go‘yo hech kim yo‘qdek. (it links the subordinate clause)
4
Why are xuddi, go‘yo counted as particles?
Because they add the meaning of comparison to a word or sentence.