Thing-noun suffixes and their spelling
Thing nouns are formed from verbs or nouns with suffixes. -gich (-kich, -qich, -g‘ich) names a tool: o‘chirgich (eraser), qisqich (clip), ochqich (opener), ko‘rsatkich (indicator). The form depends on the preceding sound: -gich after a voiced sound, -kich or -qich after a voiceless one. -gi names a result or state: kulgi (laughter), sezgi (feeling). -(i)ndi means something left by an action: chiqindi (waste), supurindi (sweepings). -ma forms dish and object names: qovurma (fried dish), qaynatma (broth). -don names a container: qalamdon (pencil case), guldon (vase), sovundon (soap dish). When a verb stem ends in a vowel the stem sound may change before -q: bo‘ya+q = bo‘yoq (paint).
“Word factory”: given verbs (o‘chir, och, qis, kul, sez...), children add a suffix to make thing nouns and give their meanings.