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Modal words

Уроки 73–75 · 3 урока · N. Mahmudov, A. Nurmonov, A. Sobirov, D. Nabiyeva, A. Mirzaahmedov. Ona tili (Uzbek language), Grade 7, revised and expanded 4th edition. Ma’naviyat, Tashkent, 2017
75

Pure and functional modal words

Textbook: pp. 132–133
ЦельTell pure and functional modal words apart.
Новые слова
pure modal word · sof modal so‘zfunctional modal word · vazifadosh modal so‘zperhaps · ehtimolapparently · aftidan
Объяснение

Like other auxiliary words, modal words are divided into pure and functional ones. Pure modal words are used only in a modal meaning and do not appear in any other function: albatta, afsuski, attang, shekilli, koshki, darhaqiqat, haqiqatan, avvalo, avvalambor, xullas, masalan. Functional modal words originally belong to another word class and only sometimes have a modal meaning: aftidan, chamasi, ehtimol, umuman, taxminan, shubhasiz. For example, in “Chamasi, poyezd kechikadi” (Apparently the train will be late) “chamasi” is a modal word, but in “Ustaning chamasi aniq ekan” (The craftsman’s estimate was exact) it is a noun meaning “estimate”. When used as modal words, both kinds are set off by commas.

Примеры
Koshki, yomg‘ir to‘xtasa (If only the rain would stop) — “koshki” is a pure modal word.
Aftidan, u charchagan (Apparently, he is tired) — “aftidan” is a functional modal word.
Работа в классе

Two baskets: put each card's modal word into the “pure” or “functional” basket and make a sentence.

Упражнения
1
Give three examples of pure modal words.
2
Give three examples of functional modal words.
3
Which kind is the modal word in “Umuman, bu yaxshi reja”?
4
Why is “taxminan” called a functional modal word?