Case forms: nominative and genitive

The genitive suffix is -ning, and its questions are kimning? (whose?), nimaning? (of what?), qayerning? (of where?). A word in this form is called the qaratqich (possessor), and the following word linked to it as a dependent is the qaralmish (possessed). The qaratqich shows whom or what the thing, quality or action in the qaralmish belongs to: Lolaning ko‘ylagi (Lola's dress), bog‘ning darvozasi (the garden's gate). The qaralmish usually takes a possessive suffix (ko‘ylag+i). Sometimes -ning drops but the possessive in the qaralmish stays: maktab hovlisi (the school yard). And sometimes, the other way round, the qaralmish comes without a possessive: bizning sinf (our class).