18
Order of parts inside a word
Textbook: pp. 30–31
ЦельKnow the order in which the parts of a word are arranged.
Новые слова
order · tartibstem · asosplural · ko‘plikpossession · egalik
Объяснение
The meaningful parts of a word stand in a fixed order: stem + word-building + lexical form-builder + syntactic form-builder. First a new word is made, then its form changes, and at the very end it is linked to other words. Among syntactic suffixes, possession usually comes before case. This order cannot be broken: bog‘bonlarimizga is right; bog‘bonimizlarga and bog‘gabonlar are wrong.
Примеры
bog‘bonlarimizga (to our gardeners) = bog‘ (stem) + -bon (word-building) + -lar (plural) + -imiz (possession) + -ga (case).
ishchilarimiz (our workers) = ish + -chi + -lar + -imiz.
Работа в классе
“Put the parts in order”: children arrange mixed cards (-ga, bog‘, -lar, -bon) in the right order.
Упражнения
1
State the order of a word’s parts.
Stem, word-building, lexical form-builder, syntactic form-builder.
2
Break ishchilarimiz into parts.
ish + -chi + -lar + -imiz.
3
Build a word from the parts: -ga, kitob, -im, -lar (kitoblarimga).
kitob + -lar + -im + -ga = kitoblarimga.
4
Why is bog‘bonimizlarga wrong?
Plural (-lar) must come before possession (-imiz): bog‘bonlarimizga.