Lexicology and lexicography
Lexicology is the branch that studies the meaning side of words. A word with only one meaning is monosemous (daftar, notebook); a word with several meanings is polysemous (tish: a person’s tooth, a comb’s tooth). When a meaning is transferred we get a figurative meaning: tosh yurak (stone heart, i.e. merciless). Words identical in form but different in meaning are homonyms: tut (mulberry tree) — tut (hold!). Words close in meaning are synonyms (chiroyli — go‘zal, beautiful); words opposite in meaning are antonyms (katta — kichik, big — small). Obsolete words are rarely used, while new words (kompyuter) have recently entered the language. The branch that studies dictionaries is lexicography (lug‘atshunoslik).
“Find the partner”: one team says a word and the other gives its synonym or antonym; then the roles swap.