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“Rustamxon”: characters and kinds of dastan
Уроки 3–4 · 2 урока · B. To‘xliyev, B. Karimov, K. Usmonova. Literature: textbook-collection for Grade 10 of secondary schools and for students of secondary specialised and vocational institutions, Parts 1–2. 1st edition. “O‘zbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi” State Scientific Publishing House, Tashkent, 2017
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The dastan and its kinds
Textbook: Part 1, pp. 26–28
ЦельKnow the definition and kinds of the dastan genre, with “Rustamxon” as an example.
Новые слова
dastan, large lyrical-epic work · dostonlyrico-epic work · liro-epik asarheroic dastan · qahramonlik dostoniromantic-adventure dastan · ishqiy-sarguzasht doston
Объяснение
According to the textbook, a dastan is the largest genre of folk oral literature: a large lyrico-epic work that broadly describes events of heroic, romantic-adventure and fantastic content. It reflects the popular mind of its age and keeps being enriched with new themes over time. The first creator of a dastan is often forgotten while the work, passing from generation to generation, becomes the people’s property. By theme, dastans fall into three kinds: heroic, romantic (adventure-love) and historical. “Alpomish” is classed as a heroic dastan, while “Go‘ro‘g‘li”, “Ravshan”, “Rustamxon” and “Oshiq G‘arib va Shohsanam” are among the romantic-adventure ones. Bards (baxshis) perform many thousands of lines from memory.
Примеры
Example: “Alpomish” is a heroic dastan; “Rustamxon” is among the romantic-adventure ones because love, journeys and fantastic events (the dragon) are mixed.
Example: the dragon episode in “Rustamxon” is a fantastic event typical of fairy tales, while Sultonxon’s mistake caused by a plot also reflects the social relations of its time.
Работа в классе
Cards bear dastan names (Alpomish, Ravshan, Go‘ro‘g‘li, Rustamxon); students sort them into the columns “heroic” and “romantic-adventure”.
Упражнения
1
Give a short definition of the dastan genre.
The largest genre of folk oral literature – a large lyrico-epic work broadly describing heroic and romantic-adventure events.
2
Into what kinds are dastans divided by theme?
Heroic, romantic (adventure-love) and historical dastans.
3
Which kind do “Alpomish” and “Rustamxon” belong to?
“Alpomish” is heroic; “Rustamxon” is a romantic-adventure dastan.
4
Why do you think dastans have been kept alive from generation to generation for so long?
They express the people’s dreams, values and feelings, and baxshis keep memorising and performing them.