13
Tuyuqs
Textbook: Part 1, pp. 87–89
GoalExplain the tuyuq genre and the content of tajnis rhymes using Lutfiy’s tuyuqs.
New words
tuyuq (a four-line lyric poem) · tuyuqtajnis (same-form words with different meanings) · tajnisline of verse · misrarhyme · qofiya
Explanation
A tuyuq is a small four-line lyric poem in which the rhyming words have identical form but different meanings. In Lutfiy’s first tuyuq “dog‘i bor” occurs three times: with the senses a scar in the heart, it has fire, and there is more. The word “bori” in the third line continues the same play. In the second tuyuq the phrases “dil, bandamen”, “dilbanda men” and “dil banda men” give three meanings. In the third, the word “yozamen” is understood in one place as I complain, in another as to summer I, and in a third as I write. The textbook gives four more tuyuqs for independent reading, with the meaning of each tajnis word explained below.
Worked examples
Example: the general idea of the first tuyuq: the lover’s heart is wounded and his pain burns like fire; parting is added to the burden of love, so the suffering grows even greater. This idea unfolds step by step through three rhymes of identical form.
Example: look for tajnis words yourself: “ot” (horse), “ot” (name), “ot” (the command to shoot) – the same form, different meanings. A tuyuq builds its rhyme from such words.
Class activity
For each of the words “qo‘y”, “tur” and “yoz” give two different meanings and make two sentences.
Practice
1
What is a tuyuq and how many lines does it have?
A small lyric poem with a tajnis rhyme; four lines.
2
In which three senses does “dog‘i bor” occur in the first tuyuq?
There is a scar, it has fire, and there is more.
3
State the meanings of “yozamen” in the third tuyuq.
I complain; to summer I; I write.
4
Why is it hard to translate a tuyuq?
Because tajnis relies on same-form words of one language; if the other language has no such words, the play is lost.