☰ Contents · Literature

Tagore and “Nur va soyalar” (I)

Lessons 52–53 · 2 lessons · S. Olim, S. Ahmedov, R. Qo‘chqorov. Literature, Grade 8: textbook-collection, Parts 1 and 2. G‘afur G‘ulom publishing-printing creative house, Tashkent, 2014 (revised third edition)
52

Rabindranath Tagore

Textbook: Part 2, pp. 152–154
GoalDescribe the life, work and enlightenment views of Rabindranath Thokur (Tagore) and his place in Uzbek literature.
New words
colony · mustamlakaenlightenment · ma’rifatanthem · madhiyaprize winner · laureat
Explanation

Robindranath Thokur (Tagore) was born on 7 May 1861 in the city of Calcutta in India; he was the youngest of the family’s 14 children. His father took him around all of India showing sacred places, and the boy began writing poems at the age of 8. In 1878–1880 he studied at a college of London University and returned without finishing; his first collection “Oqshom qo‘shiqlari” came out in 1882. He wrote mainly in Bengali, creating poems, narrative poems, stories, novellas, novels and dramas; since India was then a colony of Great Britain, his works reflect the people’s struggle against oppression. He translated his collection “Gitanjali” into English, won the International Nobel Prize in 1913 and spent the prize money on opening a free school for children. His song “Xalq qalbi” became the national anthem of India and his song “Mening oltin Bengaliyam” the national anthem of Bangladesh; he believed freedom is reached first of all through literacy and enlightenment, and in this respect recalls the Uzbek Jadids.

Worked examples
Example: Thokur saw freedom in enlightenment: all his life he tried to open his people’s eyes; therefore the textbook likens him to Behbudiy, Avloniy, Fitrat and Cho‘lpon.
Example: on the Uzbek stage his play “Pochta” and the drama “Gang daryosining qizi”, based on his novel “Halokat”, were performed, and in 1961 a film of the same name was made.
Class activity

Place Thokur’s life on a timeline with six dates (1861, 1882, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1941). Determine which date matches which event.

Practice
1
Where and when was R. Thokur born?
2
For which work and when did he receive the Nobel Prize?
3
What did he spend the prize money on?
4
Why does the textbook liken Thokur to the Jadids?