☰ Contents · Natural science

Immunity; health review; the research project

Lessons 29–31 · 3 lessons · Y.V. Malikova, S.V. Kosyanenko. Natural Science Grade 4, Part 1. Novda Edutainment, Tashkent, 2023; S.V. Kosyanenko, Y.V. Malikova, O.E. Tigay. Natural Science Grade 4, Part 2. Novda Edutainment, Tashkent, 2023
30

Check yourself: health

Textbook: Part 1, pp. 128–131
GoalReview the health unit: nutrition, how illness spreads and is prevented, doctors’ tools and rules of a healthy life.
New words
healthy lifestyle · sog‘lom turmush tarzibad habit · yomon odatpoisoning · zaharlanish
Explanation

In this lesson we review important rules about health. Protein, fat, carbohydrates and vitamins are needed; we eat them according to the food pyramid. Illnesses are caused by viruses and bacteria; they are prevented by hand washing, vaccination, fresh air and healthy food. A doctor asks about symptoms, examines and orders tests. Basic rules for health: drink only clean water, do not eat unwashed fruit and vegetables or unknown mushrooms, do regular exercise and avoid bad habits (smoking, too many sweets, staring at screens for long). Long use of gadgets tires the eyes, so every 20–30 minutes take a break and look into the distance.

Worked examples
To avoid intestinal infection drink only clean water; to avoid poisoning do not eat unknown mushrooms.
A wrong rule: “In flu season avoid fresh air.” Correct: walking in fresh air is helpful.
Class activity

Matching rules: connect reasons in the left column with rules in the right (for example “to have strong muscles” – “regular exercise”). Then invent a new pair of your own.

Practice
1
What should you do to avoid an intestinal infection?
2
Why should we never eat unknown mushrooms?
3
How can you protect your eyes when using gadgets?
4
Name three ways to prevent illness.