☰ Contents · Natural science

People and plants; the Red Book; plants review

Lessons 7–9 · 3 lessons · Y.V. Malikova, S.V. Kosyanenko. Natural Science Grade 4, Part 1. Novda Edutainment, Tashkent, 2023; S.V. Kosyanenko, Y.V. Malikova, O.E. Tigay. Natural Science Grade 4, Part 2. Novda Edutainment, Tashkent, 2023
7

How do people affect plant life?

Textbook: Part 1, pp. 30–33
GoalKnow how people harm plants directly and indirectly, how wild plants became cultivated, what a botanical garden is and how to save trees.
New words
cultivated plant · madaniy o‘simlikwild plant · yovvoyi o‘simlikbotanical garden · botanika bog‘iwaste paper · makulatura
Explanation

People affect plants both directly and indirectly. Direct harm: cutting forests, starting fires, picking and trampling plants. Indirect harm: polluting air, water and soil, and car exhaust. For example, saksovul is excellent fuel, so it was cut down heavily, and because it grows slowly it became rare. But people also help plants. About 10,000 years ago people began to grow plants and kept the seeds of the biggest, tastiest fruits; that is why cultivated carrots and maize differ a lot from their wild ancestors. Botanical gardens were set up to study plants; the Tashkent Botanical Garden grows thousands of plant species. To reduce tree cutting we should sort waste paper: it can be made into paper and cardboard again.

Worked examples
Wild carrot is thin and whitish; cultivated carrot is thick, sweet and orange.
A campfire left burning can start a forest fire: only light fires with adults and always put them out completely.
Class activity

“Sort the waste”: set up four boxes in class (paper, plastic, glass, food waste). Place cards with waste pictures in the right box. Do not use real glass, only pictures.

Practice
1
How do people harm plants directly? Give two examples.
2
What is indirect harm? Give an example.
3
How does a cultivated plant differ from a wild one?
4
How does sorting paper help trees?