The geographic envelope and its general laws
Answers are for parents and teachers.
1
Draw a diagram of the structure of the geographic envelope: geocomponents, geospheres, geosystems.
Geocomponents: rock, water, air, soil, plant, animal; geospheres: lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere; geosystems – horizontal units (for example a landscape).
2
Write down daily rhythmic phenomena in your locality over one day (at least 4).
Temperature change, winds strengthening and weakening, daytime photosynthesis, bird activity, dew.
3
The solar cycle lasts 11 years. How many full cycles occur in 99 years? (Number only.)
9
4
Make a chain of consequences: decrease of river flow → ... (at least 4 links).
River flow decreases → irrigation water is short → yields fall → incomes and migration change; bank vegetation and fish decline.
5
Explain the idea that the geographic envelope is “not a sum of components but a qualitatively new system” with your own example.
For example, soil forms through rock, water, air and living organisms acting together; none alone is soil, and soil has a new property, fertility.