☰ Содержание · Литература (узбекская)

Этот предмет пока на узбекском и английском: в русских классах вместо него изучают «Русский язык» и «Литературное чтение». Ниже — английская версия.

Shavkat Rahmon: life and poems

Уроки 43 · 1 урок · Q. Yo‘ldoshev, V. Qodirov, J. Yo‘ldoshbekov. Literature: textbook for Grade 9 of general secondary schools. Revised and expanded 4th edition. “O‘zbekiston” NMIU, Tashkent, 2019
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Shavkat Rahmon

Textbook: pp. 247–256
ЦельExplain the life of Shavkat Rahmon (1950–1996) and the content and idea of his poems “Tong ochar ko‘zlarin...”, “Turkiylar”, “Jangda o‘lgan emas biror bahodir” and “Baxt so‘zi”.
Новые слова
patriotic poet (devoted to his nation) · millatparvar shoirthe lyric genre · lirik turtranslator · tarjimonsymbol, emblematic figure · timsol
Объяснение

Shavkat Rahmon was born on 12 September 1950 in the city of Osh. His parents were trade workers bringing food to herders on the mountain pastures, so as the eldest child the housework fell to Shavkat; at thirteen he worked in a brick factory and later built a two-room house himself. He finished school with top marks and applied to Tashkent University two years running but did not get enough points. He worked in Osh as a typesetter and proofreader on the newspaper, guided by the poet Tursunboy Adashboyev. He translated his poems into Russian himself and sent them to a creative contest of the Gorky Literary Institute in Moscow, passed, and studied there alongside Halima Xudoyberdiyeva, Murod Muhammad Do‘st and others. He published “Rangin lahzalar” (1978), “Yurak qirralari”, “Ochiq kunlar”, “Gullayotgan tosh”, “Uyg‘oq tog‘lar” and “Hulvo”. He translated the poems of the Spanish poet Lorca first from Russian, then, after learning Spanish, directly from Spanish into Uzbek. He died of a long serious illness on 2 October 1996; his book “Saylanma” was printed in 1997. In “Tong ochar ko‘zlarin...” the morning scene reveals a human condition: the ant is the emblem of a person who only works and does not see beauty. In “Turkiylar” the poet writes with bitter pain that Turkic peoples have lost their courage and unity. In “Jangda o‘lgan emas biror bahodir” heroes are said to have perished not in battle but through betrayal. In “Baxt so‘zi” the poet wants to say “I am happy” only after his people.

Примеры
Example: “Tong ochar ko‘zlarin...” begins with nature but ends with an address to the ant: the poet points to the flaw of working only and not seeing beauty. So the nature picture is a means; the aim is to understand people.
Example: in “Baxt so‘zi” the poet puts his own happiness after the people’s. This shows not putting personal joy above the people’s sorrow – the poet’s sense of responsibility.
Работа в классе

For each poem write the triple “addressed to whom – what pain or joy – conclusion”. Then discuss the reason for the harsh tone in “Turkiylar” (why the poet wrote with such pain).

Упражнения
1
When and where was Shavkat Rahmon born?
2
From which languages did he translate Lorca into Uzbek?
3
What does the ant in “Tong ochar ko‘zlarin...” stand for?
4
Why does the poet in “Baxt so‘zi” want to say “I am happy” after his people?