Criminal liability and the system of punishments
Answers are for parents and teachers.
1
Write your own (fictional) example for the four types of complicity, without real persons.
Example: drew up the plan (organiser), broke the lock (executor), urged them on (instigator), kept watch (accomplice); each role must be clear.
2
Write the differences between pardon and amnesty in three points.
1) A pardon is for a person, an amnesty for a category; 2) the President grants a pardon, the legislature announces an amnesty; 3) a pardon takes personal circumstances into account, an amnesty general criteria.
3
Why is the case of a minor offender usually handled under special rules? Write 4–5 sentences.
Because minors’ minds and direction are still forming, an educational approach, milder punishment and separation from adults are used; the aim is to return them to society.
4
Explain the three levels of the age of criminal liability (16, 14 and 13) and justify why the law makes this distinction.
The general rule is 16; for serious crimes specifically listed in the Code (for example intentional murder, robbery with violence, theft with aggravating circumstances) it is 14; for intentional murder with aggravating circumstances it is 13. The reason: a teenager understands earlier that very dangerous acts are wrong, so the age limit for these crimes is lower.