☰ Contents · State and law

The financial and credit system of Uzbekistan

Lessons 17 · 1 lessons · N. Ismatova, O. Karimova. Foundations of State and Law: textbook for Grade 11 of general secondary schools and for secondary specialised and vocational institutions. 1st edition. “Yangiyul Poligraph Service”, Tashkent, 2018
17

The financial and credit system of Uzbekistan

Textbook: pp. 95–98
GoalExplain the place of financial law, the links of the financial system and the principles of the state’s financial activity.
New words
finance: money funds and the social relations around creating and using them · Moliyafinancing: allocating budget money without requiring repayment · Moliyalashtirishcrediting: lending money on terms of repayment · Kreditlashtirishthe central bank, the state’s main monetary authority · Markaziy bank
Explanation

Financial law is an independent branch of law that regulates relations connected with collecting, distributing and spending the money funds of the state and its territorial units. Its main source is the Constitution, followed by the Budget Code, the Tax Code and other laws. The financial system consists of several links: the state budget (the republican, Karakalpakstan and local budgets), special-purpose funds, the finances of enterprises, credit and insurance. The state spends money in two ways: with financing the money is not repaid (for example, the costs of a state school), while with crediting it must be repaid on time. Running monetary policy and keeping the national currency, the so‘m, stable is the task of the Central Bank, while commercial banks serve the public and entrepreneurs. The state’s financial activity rests on principles such as legality, openness and targeted use, meaning that spending must go to the purpose set by law and be reported.

Worked examples
The salaries and medicine costs of a regional hospital are allocated from the state budget without repayment. This is financing: the hospital does not return the money but must spend it for its purpose and report on it.
A farm took a two-year bank loan to buy machinery and must repay it with interest. This is crediting: the money is lent temporarily, with a term and a payment condition.
Class activity

Draw a diagram of the five links of the financial system and find one everyday example for each (for insurance, for instance, compulsory vehicle insurance).

Practice
1
What is the main difference between financing and crediting?
2
List four links of the financial system.
3
Why is the state always a participant in financial law relations?
4
If an entrepreneur takes a loan from a private bank, is it the state’s financial activity? Explain.