Political decline in Transoxiana and Khorasan

In the struggle after Amir Temur’s death his youngest son Shahrukh Mirza won; under him the realm was in practice divided into two states: Shahrukh ruled Khorasan (capital Herat) and his son Ulugh Beg ruled Transoxiana (capital Samarkand). After Ulugh Beg was killed in 1449 the fight for the throne in Transoxiana grew, and in 1451 Abu Said Mirza, a grandson of Miranshah, won with Abulkhayr’s help; in the late 1450s he also took Khorasan. In 1469 Abu Said died in battle against the Aq Qoyunlu, and Transoxiana then split among his sons: Sultan Ahmad ruled in Samarkand, Umar Shaykh Mirza in Fergana, and Sultan Mahmud Mirza in Hisar, Khuttalan and Badakhshan. In Khorasan Sultan Husayn Boyqara, a descendant of Temur, ruled for almost 40 years (1469–1506); the economy and culture rose considerably and Alisher Navoi served as vizier. But a quarrel between Husayn Boyqara and his son Badiuzzaman grew, and when the father died in 1506 two rulers, Badiuzzaman and Muzaffar Husayn, were proclaimed at once, which weakened the state further.