الأسبوع 15 · مراجعة الوحدتين ١ و٢ ومشروع الفصل (من إعداد Darslab) · 3 دروس
1
Review: AI, data and threats
ICT Prep 2 Term 1, Units 1–2: Review
GoalReview smart systems, cyber threats and big data with new mixed tasks.
New words
sense, decide, act · the three steps of a connected smart systemsocial engineering · tricking people instead of breaking machines5 Vs · volume, velocity, variety, veracity and valuefive stages · collect, store, clean, analyse, extract information
Explanation
Unit 1 had three big ideas. Smart systems: IoT senses and sends, AI analyses and decides, robotics acts; they help with problems such as drought or air pollution, with strengths and limits. Cyber threats: advanced attacks are planned; ransomware blocks access to files and demands money; social engineering tricks people through spear phishing, pretexting and baiting; DDoS floods a service with requests from a botnet. Your habits are your first defence. Big data: very large, varied data that usual tools cannot handle; the 5 Vs; structured, unstructured and semi-structured; five stages from data to information; AI learns from many good examples and needs clean data. Use the table to check yourself, then try the mixed tasks below.
Topic
Key idea to remember
smart systems
sense and send, analyse and decide, act
ransomware
blocks access to files and asks for money
social engineering
tricks people: hurry, fear, trust, curiosity
DDoS and botnet
a flood of requests from many controlled devices
big data
5 Vs and three types of data
five stages
collect, store, clean, analyse, information
Worked examples
soil sensor→AI decides→machine waters→strength and limit
Task: a school wants to save water in its garden. Choose the trio: the sensor is a soil moisture sensor, the AI decides whether the plants need water, the machine waters only when needed. Then name one strength (saves water) and one limit (sensors need care).
A
B
1
Day
Visitors
2
Sun
30
3
Mon
28
4
Mon
28
5
Tue
31
6
Wed
3100
7
Thu
29
Task: spot the trick in this invented message: “I am from the help desk. Tell me your code in one minute or the account is closed.” It uses hurry, fear and a story (pretexting). Safe reply: do not answer; tell a grown-up. Task: clean the invented table by crossing out the repeat and the wrong value 3100.
Class activity
Make a mixed review sheet: write one question on smart systems, one on cyber threats and one on big data, each with an answer. Swap with a classmate and mark each other’s answers. Mark any answer you were unsure of for more practice.
Practice
1
Match each part (sensor, AI, machine) with its job (measures, decides, acts).
Sensor measures; AI decides; machine acts.
2
A screen says your files are locked and asks for money. What kind of malware is this and what do you do?
Ransomware; stay calm, do not follow it and tell a grown-up.
3
Put in order: analyse, collect, extract information, clean, store.
