Lessons 41–42 · 2 lessons · A. Muhammadjonov (revised in 2017 by F. Sultonov). O‘zbekiston tarixi (IV asrdan XVI asrgacha) (History of Uzbekistan, 4th–16th centuries), Grade 7. Sharq, Tashkent, 2017 (revised 3rd edition)
41
Literature
Textbook: pp. 150–152
GoalDescribe 15th-century literature and historiography: the work of Lutfi, Navoi, Jami, Mirkhwand and Khwandamir.
New words
divan (collection of poems) · devonKhamsa (five epics) · Xamsahistorian · tarixshunosclassical literature · mumtoz adabiyot
Explanation
In the 15th century many rare works were created in verse and prose, links between Uzbek and Tajik literature widened and translated literature appeared. Lutfi (1366–1465) was the greatest poet in Uzbek poetry before Navoi, writing in Turkic and in Persian and defending knowledge and justice. Alisher Navoi (1441–1501) raised the Uzbek literary language to a new level and wrote over thirty major works: the “Khamsa”, “Khazayin ul-maoniy”, “Mahbub ul-qulub” and “Lison ut-tayr” are among them. The Persian-Tajik poet Abdurahman Jami (1414–1492) was his contemporary and friend. The historian Mirkhwand (1438–1498) wrote “Rawzat us-safa” under Navoi’s patronage, and his grandson Khwandamir (1475–1535) completed it. Khwandamir’s “Habib us-siyar” is an important source for the history of the late 15th and early 16th centuries.
Worked examples
Navoi’s works: the Khamsa — five epics; Lison ut-tayr — an epic told through birds.