☰ Contents · Geometry

Segment, ray and comparing segments

Lessons 3–4 · 2 lessons · Geometry Grade 7, corrected and expanded 3rd edition. Yangiyo‘l Poligraf Servis, Tashkent, 2017 (approved by the Ministry of Public Education)
3

Segment and ray

Textbook: pp. 10–11
GoalDefine and name a segment and a ray.
New words
segment · kesmaendpoints of a segment · kesmaning uchlariray · nurorigin (endpoint) of a ray · nurning uchi
Explanation

Axiom: of any three points on a line, exactly one lies between the other two. If we mark two points on a line, those two points together with every point between them form a segment: the outer points are its endpoints and the rest are its interior points. If we choose one point on a line and take the part going from it in one direction only (including the point), we get a ray; the chosen point is the origin of the ray. When a ray is written the origin comes first: ray OA. If points A and B lie in the same half-plane of a line, segment AB does not cross the line; if they lie in different half-planes it always crosses it.

Worked examples
If A, B, C lie on a line in this order, B lies between A and C; rays BA and BC complement each other.
Four points on a line give 6 segments (one for each pair).
Class activity

“Find the segments”: five points are marked on a line on the board. Groups list all the segments; the group with the most correct ones wins.

Practice
1
Five points are marked on a line. How many segments have their endpoints at these points?
2
A line has one point O on it. Into how many rays does O divide it?
3
Are rays OA and AO the same? Why?
4
A and B lie in one half-plane and C in the other. Do segments AB and AC cross the line?