Africa, 1946–1991
Answers are for parents and teachers.
1
Write four stages of decolonisation in Africa with years.
1951–1957 North Africa and Ghana; 1960 the “Year of Africa”; 1963 OAU; 1975 Portuguese colonies; 1980 Zimbabwe; 1990 Namibia.
2
Write four causes of the problems of the new African states.
Artificial borders, ethnic tensions, poverty and inexperienced administration, Cold War interference.
3
Explain the struggle against apartheid and the world’s attitude in four sentences.
Local movements, UN condemnation and sanctions; the release of Mandela (1990).
4
Compare the paths of Egypt and Algeria (Nasser – 1952; the Algerian war – 1954–1962).
In Egypt a revolution and the Suez crisis; in Algeria a long war of independence and an agreement with France.
5
Mark five countries that became independent in 1960 on a map of Africa.
Nigeria, Congo, Senegal, Mali, Somalia (and others).