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Chapter I
General laws of life
1
Properties and levels of organisation of life
Lessons 1–2
Chapter II
Diversity of organisms
2
Viruses and prokaryotes
Lessons 3–4
3
Plants and fungi
Lessons 5–6
4
The animal world and laboratory work 1
Lessons 7–8
Chapter III
Basics of cytology
5
Cell theory and methods of cell study
Lessons 9–10
6
The eukaryotic cell, membrane and main organelles
Lessons 11–12
7
Organelles and the nucleus
Lessons 13–14
8
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes; evolution of cells
Lessons 15–16
9
Observing cells (laboratory works 2 and 3)
Lessons 17–18
Chapter IV
Chemical basis of life processes
10
Chemical composition of the cell; water and salts
Lessons 19–20
11
Biomolecules and carbohydrates
Lessons 21–22
12
Lipids, amino acids and proteins
Lessons 23–24
13
Structure and properties of proteins
Lessons 25–26
14
Protein functions, nucleic acids and the amylase experiment
Lessons 27–29
Chapter V
Metabolism and energy in cells
15
Metabolism and energy metabolism
Lessons 30–31
16
Stages of energy metabolism and nutrition
Lessons 32–33
17
Chemosynthesis and protein biosynthesis
Lessons 34–35
18
Calculations and laboratory work 5
Lessons 36–37
Chapter VI
Reproduction and individual development
19
The cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis
Lessons 38–39
20
Types of reproduction and sexual reproduction
Lessons 40–41
21
Fertilisation and embryonic development
Lessons 42–43
22
Postembryonic development and laws of ontogenesis
Lessons 44–46
Chapter VII
Basics of genetics
23
Basics of genetics and Mendel’s laws
Lessons 47–48
24
Monohybrid problems and the dihybrid cross
Lessons 49–50
25
Dihybrid problems, herbarium and gene interaction
Lessons 51–53
26
Polymeric and pleiotropic action, gene interaction problems
Lessons 54–55
27
Linked inheritance and sex genetics
Lessons 56–57
28
Problems and variation
Lessons 58–59
29
Statistics of modification and mutational variation
Lessons 60–61
30
Human genetics: methods and hereditary diseases
Lessons 62–63
Chapter VIII
Basics of selection and biotechnology
31
Centres of cultivated plants and selection methods
Lessons 64–65
32
Biotechnology and achievements of Uzbek scientists
Lessons 66–67
☰ Contents · Biology (Cytology and genetics)
Grade 9
›
Biology (Cytology and genetics)
›
Week 20
Types of reproduction and sexual reproduction
Lessons 40–41 · 2 lessons · A. Zikiryayev, A. To‘xtayev, I. Azimov, N. Sonin. Biology. Basics of Cytology and Genetics, Grade 9, revised and expanded 5th edition. “Yangiyul Poligraph Service”, Tashkent, 2019
Lesson 40
Lesson 41
Quiz
8
Homework
5
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Week 20 · Lesson 41: Sexual reproduction
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Week 20 · Homework
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