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Practical work: calculating temperature and pressure

Lessons 23 · 1 lessons · P. Gulyamov, R. Qurbonniyozov, M. Avezov, N. Saidova. Geography (Introductory Course of Physical Geography), Grade 5. Revised and expanded 5th edition. “Mitti yulduz”, Tashkent, 2020
23

Practical work: temperature and pressure

Textbook: §23, p. 79
GoalCalculate mean daily temperature, annual amplitude and the change of temperature and pressure with height.
New words
mean daily temperature · sutkalik o‘rtacha haroratannual amplitude · yillik amplitudatemperature graph · harorat grafiginormal pressure · normal bosim
Explanation

In this practical lesson three tasks are done. 1) Mean daily temperature: add the 8 readings and divide by 8. 2) Annual amplitude: from the 12 months subtract the mean of the coldest month from that of the warmest month; to draw a temperature graph write temperature on the vertical line and the first letters of the months on the horizontal one, mark a point for each month and join the points. 3) Change with height: temperature falls 6 °C per 1000 m and pressure falls 10 mm Hg per 100 m. For example, if a plain has +30 °C and 740 mm Hg, at 1500 m the temperature is 30 – 6 × 1.5 = +21 °C (treat 1.5 as 15 : 10) and the pressure is 740 – 150 = 590 mm Hg. Write your calculations step by step in the notebook and check the answer.

Worked examples
Monthly means (°C): Jan 0, Feb 2, Mar 8, Apr 14, May 19, Jun 24, Jul 27, Aug 25, Sep 20, Oct 13, Nov 7, Dec 2 (a teaching example). Warmest is July 27, coldest is January 0, amplitude 27 – 0 = 27 °C.
On a plain 755 mm Hg; on a mountain 900 m high the pressure is 755 – 90 = 665 mm Hg.
Class activity

“Let’s draw the graph”: on squared paper draw a graph from the 12-month table above, mark the highest and lowest points and find the amplitude.

Practice
1
Find the mean daily temperature: 5, 4, 6, 11, 17, 19, 12, 6 °C.
2
July is +28 °C and January –4 °C. What is the annual amplitude in °C? (Subtracting –4 means 28 + 4.)
3
At the mountain foot it is +32 °C and 730 mm Hg. What is the pressure at 2000 m (6 °C/1000 m, 10 mm per 100 m)?
4
In the same mountain example find the temperature at 2000 m.