Property rights and other real rights
The right of ownership is a person’s right to possess, use and dispose of their own property at their own will and in their own interest, and to demand that any violation of the right be removed. Three powers must be distinguished: possession means actually holding the thing as one’s own; use means deriving benefit or income from its useful properties; disposal means deciding its legal fate (selling, giving, pledging, destroying where the law permits). Ownership is unlimited in time and inviolable and is protected by law; under the Constitution everyone has the right to own property, and deprivation of property is possible only in cases provided by law and on the basis of a court decision. Property takes private and state (public) forms: the subjects of private property are citizens and non-state legal entities, the subject of state property is the state. Ownership arises through work, entrepreneurship, transactions (purchase, gift), inheritance, privatisation of state property, the passage of time of possession and other grounds not contrary to law; it ends through the owner’s voluntary renunciation, compulsory taking of property by court decision and other cases provided by law, and destroying property that is a historical or cultural treasure is not allowed. Besides ownership there are other real rights, for example the right to use a path across a neighbour’s land (servitude) or a pledge securing a debt.
“Possession – use – disposal” cards: 9 phrases (selling, holding, earning income from rent, giving as a gift and so on) are sorted into three columns; then groups give an example of all three powers for one item (for example a bicycle).