Civil law
Answers are for parents and teachers.
1
Compare legal and active capacity in a table for 3 age groups (7, 15, 18).
Age 7: legal capacity yes, active capacity — small everyday deals; age 15: partial, with parental consent, wages own; age 18: full.
2
Explain the difference between an individual and a legal entity in 3–4 sentences, with an example of each.
An individual is a living person (e.g. Aziza). A legal entity is an organisation (e.g. an LLC): it has separate property and obligations and can be a plaintiff in court.
3
What is distinctive about the state as a participant of civil law? Justify your view.
It participates on equal terms with others and can make contracts, but as a rule the state and the legal entities it creates are not liable for each other’s obligations.
4
What should be considered about a deal in which a 16-year-old bought an expensive item without parental consent? State the general principle (no specific case).
A minor’s deal generally needs parental consent; without it the deal may be declared invalid; exceptions are emancipation or spending own earnings.
5
Why does active capacity widen step by step with age? Write in 3–4 sentences.
With age life experience and understanding of responsibility grow; the law protects the child while preparing them for independence.