☰ Contents · Literature

Behbudiy and “Padarkush”

Lessons 21–22 · 2 lessons · B. To‘xliyev, B. Karimov, K. Usmonova. Literature: textbook-collection for Grade 10 of secondary schools and for students of secondary specialised and vocational institutions, Parts 1–2. 1st edition. “O‘zbekiston milliy ensiklopediyasi” State Scientific Publishing House, Tashkent, 2017
22

The drama “Padarkush”

Textbook: Part 2, pp. 4–17
GoalKnow the events, characters and main idea of the drama “Padarkush”.
New words
drama · dramaact · pardascene · manzaraignorance · jaholat
Explanation

“Padarkush” (“The Plight of the Uneducated Child”) is “the first national tragedy”, in 3 acts and 4 scenes. In Act 1 the rich man sits in his guest room. A modern-minded teacher (Domla) comes and advises him to educate his son; the rich man refuses, saying that happiness and respect lie in wealth and schooling is needless. Then an intellectual educated in Russian (Ziyoli) comes and explains at length that modern knowledge is needed, but the rich man dozes and does not listen. In Act 2 his son Toshmurod drinks with bad friends in a tavern, and they push him towards a wrongful deed to get money. In Act 3 the tragedy occurs: the rich man dies and the mother curses Toshmurod as a “padarkush”. In the fourth scene the offenders are caught in the tavern; the Ziyoli says this outcome comes from ignorance and lack of upbringing. In the textbook “padarkush” means “father’s killer”.

Worked examples
Example: the Domla and the Ziyoli are supporters of learning; the Boy, Toshmurod and his friends are far from learning, and the clash between them drives the events of the drama.
Example: the Ziyoli says two kinds of scholars are needed – “olimi diniy” (religious scholar) and “olimi zamoniy” (scholar of the age).
Class activity

Divide the class into 4 groups: each tells one act (or scene) in its own words in 3 sentences and finds its main idea.

Practice
1
Which characters in the drama favour education?
2
Why does the Boy not want to educate his son?
3
What does the title of the work mean?
4
What conclusion does the Ziyoli draw at the end?