Week 8 · Review 1 (Units 1–3): vocabulary in context, reported speech, modals of deduction, a paraphrase check in English instead of the translation items, a new reading text, questions on blog posts and argumentative and persuasive essays, punctuation, two writing tasks, what the novel questions ask · 3 lessons
1
Review 1: words and grammar
English Secondary 3 Term 1, Review 1, Vocabulary and Language: pp. 47–49
GoalReview the words and grammar of Units 1 to 3 with new items of the same types as the book.
New words
rewarding · giving you a good feeling because the work is usefulefficient · working well without wasting time or energysophisticated · advanced and complexmitigate · to make a problem less seriousmanual · done by handurgent · needing quick action
Explanation
This review checks the words and grammar of Units 1, 2 and 3 with new items. For vocabulary questions, first decide the type of word, then look at the sentence for a clue. A synonym has nearly the same meaning and an antonym has the opposite meaning. When a question says to choose two correct answers, test every option separately and choose exactly two. For grammar questions, look for the signal: since or for points to the present perfect; said or told points to reported speech; so and a clue point to must, can’t or might; and a regret about the past points to should have. When you are asked to rewrite a sentence with a given word, keep the meaning and use the word exactly as given. Your book has the vocabulary on pages 47 and 48 and the language items on pages 48 and 49; our items are different, so do both.
Unit
Grammar to remember
Quick example
1
present perfect: simple, continuous, passive
She has been working since nine. The hall has been painted.
2
reported statements, commands and requests
He said that he was busy. She asked me to wait.
3
must / can’t / may / might (+ have); should have
It must have rained. You should have called.
All
words and idioms
rewarding, efficient, sophisticated, spring into action
Worked examples
Synonyms: choose the TWO words that mean the same as efficient: productive / effective / wasteful / slow / noisy. The answers are productive and effective.
Antonym: the opposite of automated is manual. A bakery that is automated works by itself, and a manual bakery is run by hand.
Word in context: “The new plan will mitigate the problem of heat in the classroom.” The plan makes the problem less serious, so mitigate means to reduce the harm.
Rewrite with a word: “Perhaps Layla forgot her bag.” (might) The answer is: Layla might have forgotten her bag. Keep the meaning and use might exactly as given.
Mixed check: “I will send it tomorrow,” said Omar. Reported: Omar said that he would send it the next day. The three changes are will to would, I to he and tomorrow to the next day.
Class activity
Word map. Choose five words from Units 1 to 3. For each, write a short sentence of your own. Give your sentences to a grown-up, who reads each one with a gap and asks you for the missing word.
Practice
1
Choose TWO words that mean the same as mitigate: reduce / lessen / increase / ignore / cause.
Reduce and lessen. Mitigate means to make a problem less serious.
2
Reported speech: “We will start tomorrow,” said the coach.
The coach said that they would start the next day.
3
Choose: The lights are off and the door is locked, so they ___ home. (must have gone / should go / can’t go)
must have gone. The clue is strong and the guess is about the past.
4
Passive: “Someone has fixed the bell.”
The bell has been fixed.
5
Choose the word: A job that gives you a good feeling because it is useful is ___. (rewarding / manual / urgent)
