20
Working with data
Textbook: Part 1, lesson 20, pp. 78–85
GoalRead and make tables and diagrams; show survey results in bar and line charts.
New words
table · jadvalbar chart · ustunli diagrammaline chart · chiziqli diagrammasurvey · so‘rov
Explanation
A table presents data in an orderly, visual way. In a survey we mark a tally stroke for each answer and then write the number of strokes in the table. If we show data as columns whose heights equal the values, we get a bar chart. Names go on the horizontal axis; amounts go on the vertical axis with a chosen unit of scale. The columns have the same width and equal gaps. Using segments instead of columns gives a line chart; in a strip diagram the strips lie horizontally. From a diagram we can find the greatest and smallest values, differences and how many times larger one value is.
Worked examples
Books read: Aziz 6, Malika 9, Sardor 4, Dilnoza 9. In total 6 + 9 + 4 + 9 = 28. Malika and Dilnoza read the most.
Table: notebooks 1 200 so‘m × 10 = 12 000; pens 2 000 × 4 = 8 000; rulers 3 000 × 2 = 6 000. Total paid: 12 000 + 8 000 + 6 000 = 26 000 so‘m.
Class activity
“Class survey”: pupils ask “Which sport do you like?”, fill a tally table and draw a bar chart in their notebooks.
Practice
1
In the example above, how many books did the four children read in total?
28
2
How many more books did Malika read than Sardor (9 and 4)?
5
3
In a chart one square stands for 2 books. A column is 7 squares high. How many books?
14
4
Why must the columns of a bar chart have the same width?
Only the height should show the value; different widths would mislead the reader.