18
Subtracting multi-digit numbers
Textbook: Part 1, lesson 18, pp. 55–57
GoalLearn to subtract multi-digit numbers in a column.
New words
column subtraction · ustun shaklida ayirishminuend · kamayuvchisubtrahend · ayriluvchiborrowing · qarz olish
Explanation
Write the subtrahend under the minuend place by place and subtract from the right. If a digit of the minuend is smaller than the digit to subtract, borrow 1 from the next higher place: it equals 10 of the smaller units. Mark the place you borrowed from with a dot and reduce it by 1.
Worked examples
876 954 − 543 321 = 333 633 (every digit of the minuend is larger, so no borrowing is needed).
500 300 − 187 645: borrow through the zeros and subtract place by place. Answer: 312 655. Check: 312 655 + 187 645 = 500 300.
Class activity
“Paying back the loan”: children solve 1 000 000 − 345 678 step by step, mark each borrow with a dot, and check by adding.
Practice
1
574 806 − 239 417 = ?
335389
2
1 000 000 − 345 678 = ?
654322
3
x + 258 700 = 734 610. Find x.
475910
4
A warehouse had 520 400 kg of wheat. 275 900 kg was sold. How many kg are left?
244500
5
5 000 000 − 876 459 = ?
4123541