☰ خطة العام · تكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات (بالإنجليزية)

Programs, models and predictions

الأسبوع 10 · الدرس ١ «التنبؤ باستخدام نموذج الذكاء الاصطناعي» (١): البرمجة التقليدية ونموذج الذكاء الاصطناعي والتنبؤ · 3 دروس
2

An AI model learns a pattern from data

ICT Prep 3 Term 1, Unit 2, Lesson 1: pp. 66–68
GoalExplain that an AI model gets its rule from data and compare it with a traditional program.
New words
AI model · a program that has learned a pattern from datapast data · examples collected before, used to teach a modelpattern · something that repeats or follows a regular rule in the datalearns · finds a rule from examples instead of being given the rule
Explanation

An AI model gets its rule in another way. Nobody writes the rule; the model is shown past data and finds the pattern itself. Remember Week 5: machine learning learns from examples. Suppose we have the study hours and points of earlier pupils. A traditional program would need a person to guess the rule. An AI model looks at the numbers and finds how points usually grow with hours. Because the rule comes from data, new data can change it: if we add more pupils, the pattern may move a little, and so may the answers. The table compares the two ways. Neither is always better: a calculator should not guess, but guessing marks from study hours cannot be written as a fixed rule.

Traditional programAI model
It depends onrules (commands) written by a persondata (examples) from the past
It learnsnoyes, a pattern from the data
The resultsfixed for the same inputmay change with new data
Examplea calculatorguessing marks from study hours
Worked examples
Salma’s school keeps a table of 5 earlier pupils with their study hours and points. An AI model studies it and finds the pattern: more hours, more points. Nobody typed the rule.
fixed rule: samemodel: may change
A fixed program and a model behave differently when new data arrives. The canteen rule stays the same until a person edits it. A model trained again on 20 more pupils may give slightly different guesses.
Class activity

Sort these into traditional program or AI model: (a) a program that always adds 15 percent tax to a price; (b) a model that guesses the sales of cold drinks from last summer’s sales; (c) a stopwatch. Say who wrote the rule or where it came from.

Practice
1
A model for guessing marks was shown the study hours and points of many earlier pupils. What did it find?
2
Which one learns from data: a calculator or a model that guesses marks?
3
Can the results of an AI model change when new data is added?
4
Why should a calculator not be an AI model that guesses?