Programs, models and predictions
Answers are for parents and teachers.
1
Say whether each is rule-based or learned from data: (a) if the count is 10 or more the price is 4 each; (b) a model that studies old sales to guess next week’s sales.
(a) rule-based; (b) learned from data.
2
Study hours 1, 2, 3 give points 35, 45, 55. Predict the points for 5 hours and say what could make the prediction wrong.
| A | B | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Study hours | Points |
| 2 | 1 | 35 |
| 3 | 2 | 45 |
| 4 | 3 | 55 |
| 5 | 4 | ? |
75. It could be wrong because only three rows were used, or because a real pupil is tired or the test is hard.
3
Why can two runs of a calculator never differ, but two trainings of a model on different data can?
A calculator follows fixed rules written by a person. A model finds its pattern from data, so different data can give a different pattern.
4
The temperature and cold-drink table grows by 10 drinks for every 5 degrees. Predict the sales at 33 degrees if 30 degrees gave 30 drinks, and say if you trust it.
Each degree adds 2 drinks, so about 36 drinks. It lies inside the data (between 30 and 35), so we trust it more, but it is still an estimate.