Volunteers and rules: must, mustn’t and a tenses review
Listen first: a grown-up reads a short talk about two students who plan a school project. Then learn must and mustn’t. We use must for a strong rule or duty: Volunteers must wear their badges. We use mustn’t for what is not allowed: You mustn’t leave the lights on. After must we use a short verb. No s: He must go. Questions: Must I wear it? Review of tenses: present simple for habits (I help every Friday), present continuous for now (I’m helping now), past simple for the past (Last week I helped).
| Tense | Form | Example |
|---|---|---|
| present simple | verb (s) | I help every Friday. |
| present continuous | am / is / are + -ing | I’m helping now. |
| past simple | verb + ed / irregular | Last week I helped. |
Ola and Tamer plan a Lights-Off Week for their school. Ola says, “Volunteers will check every classroom at break time. They must turn off the lights and the fans when nobody is inside.” Tamer says, “That is a big responsibility, so we must choose students who are careful.” Ola smiles: “If we save electricity, we help the environment, and the school pays less.” They decide to write a short rule on a card for every door.
| We must | We mustn’t |
|---|---|
| turn off the lights | waste water |
| wear our badges | leave a tap open |
Volunteer plan. Plan a small volunteer job at home or school (check lights, water plants, tidy the library). Write three rules with must and mustn’t for the volunteers. Read your plan to a grown-up.
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