الأسبوع 15 · مراجعة الفصل الدراسي الأول: الأنظمة الحية والحركة · 3 دروس
1
Review: adaptations and body systems
Discovery Education Science P4: Term 1, Units 1–2
GoalReview adaptations, camouflage, the paths of food and air, and how people change habitats.
New words
adaptation · a feature or behaviour that helps a living thing survive in its habitatdigestion · breaking food into tiny parts the body can usepollution · harmful things in the air, water or soil
Explanation
Let us remember Unit 1. An adaptation helps a living thing survive. A structural adaptation is a body part, such as the huge ears of the fennec fox or the thorns of an acacia. A behavioural adaptation is something an animal does, such as huddling, hunting at night or resting in a burrow at noon. Camouflage lets a predator creep up or lets prey hide. Species adapt over many generations, but one animal cannot adapt in one day. Food travels through the body in one path: mouth, food pipe, stomach, small intestine, large intestine. Air travels in another: nose or mouth, windpipe, lungs, where oxygen passes into the blood. People change habitats too, and pollution makes survival harder, for example for frogs, whose thin skin takes things in from the water.
Sort each adaptation. Large ears of a fennec fox: structural. Hunting at night: behavioural. Thorns on an acacia: structural. Huddling of penguins: behavioural.
A white rabbit in snow is camouflaged, but if it moved to dark rock it would be easy to see. Camouflage works only in the right habitat. The rabbit is prey; the fox that hunts it is the predator.
nose→windpipe→lungs→blood
Air path: Habiba breathes in. The air goes in through the nose, down the windpipe and into the lungs. There oxygen passes into the blood.
Class activity
Habitat quiz show. Work with a friend or a grown-up. Each of you writes five question cards from Unit 1 (for example: What is a predator? Where does food go after the stomach?). Mix the cards and take turns to answer. Keep score on a tally chart. Which topic needs more practice?
Practice
1
Are a camel’s long eyelashes a structural or a behavioural adaptation? And what about a camel resting in the shade?
The eyelashes: structural. Resting in the shade: behavioural.
2
Put the food path in order. Say the letters. A: stomach. B: mouth. C: small intestine.
B, A, C.
3
Where does oxygen pass into the blood?
In the lungs.
4
Why can pollution in a pond be especially harmful for frogs?
