Lessons 9–10 · 2 lessons · U. Jo‘rayev, Q. Usmonov, A. Nurqulov, G. Jo‘rayeva. Tarixdan hikoyalar (Stories from history), Grade 5 (2nd edition). Cho‘lpon Publishing House, Tashkent, 2015
9
Rock paintings
Textbook: pp. 28–30
GoalKnow why rock paintings matter, the famous sites in Europe and Uzbekistan and how they were made.
New words
rock paintings and carvings · qoyatosh suratlariAltamira (cave in Spain) · AltamiraLascaux (cave in France) · LaskoSarmishsoy (rock-art site in Uzbekistan) · Sarmishsoy
Explanation
The pictures our ancestors drew or carved on rock and cave walls count as the oldest works of art. They were made before writing appeared, so they are a very valuable source for the history of ancient times. The paintings often show animals being hunted, so we can see what people hunted and how they lived. The most famous in Europe are in Altamira cave in Spain, Lascaux cave in France and Kapova cave in Bashkortostan in Russia; they were made tens of thousands of years ago by Cro-Magnon people. Artists made paint from natural minerals and used sticks or animal hair as brushes. In Uzbekistan pictures were made in two ways: by pecking dots into the stone and with natural paint. In the Sarmishsoy gorge in Navoi region lions, tigers, other animals and hunters are shown; it is called an “open-air museum” and is protected. Never touch rock paintings or write over them.
Worked examples
Reading a picture: if a cave shows people surrounding a large animal, we learn that they hunted together and that the animal lived in that area.
Two methods: in pecking, dots are struck into the stone with a hard tool (the mark stays forever); in painting a mixture of colours is used.
Class activity
“Cave wall”: crumple a big sheet of paper, draw animals and hunters with earth-coloured paints, then partners “read the history” from the picture.
Practice
1
Why are rock paintings valuable for history?
They were made before writing and give information about people’s life, hunting and beliefs.