Factors affecting chemical equilibrium
Answers are for parents and teachers.
1
In N₂ + O₂ ⇌ 2NO − Q, to which side does the equilibrium shift when the temperature is raised, and why?
To the right: the forward reaction absorbs heat.
2
In 2CO + O₂ ⇌ 2CO₂ + Q, how should the temperature and pressure be changed to raise the yield?
Lower the temperature and raise the pressure.
3
If 200 L of SO₂ and 100 L of O₂ react completely in 2SO₂ + O₂ → 2SO₃, by how many litres does the gas volume decrease?
100
4
For N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃, ΔH = −92 kJ (per 2 mol NH₃). How many kJ of heat are released when 4 mol of NH₃ form?
184
5
Although ammonia synthesis is exothermic, why is it carried out industrially at about 450 °C?
At low temperature the yield is high but the rate is far too small; a compromise temperature gives acceptable rate and yield.