The founding of the Uzbek SSR

On 13 February 1925 the First Constituent Congress of the Soviets of Uzbekistan opened in Bukhara; USSR CEC chairman Mikhail Kalinin took part, and on 17 February the Declaration on the creation of the Uzbek SSR was adopted. The republic included the Tashkent, Samarkand, Fergana, Kashkadarya, Zarafshan, Surkhandarya and Khorezm oblasts and the Tajik ASSR; the supreme bodies – the CEC and the SNK – were formed, with Fayzulla Xo‘jayev as SNK chairman and Yo‘ldosh Oxunboboyev as CEC chairman. According to the textbook, without the Tajik ASSR the territory was 312,394 km² and the population 3,963,285. In February 1925 the Communist Party of Uzbekistan was also founded; in practice it was the republic branch of the Union party. The capital was first Bukhara (February–April 1925), then Samarkand (1925–1930), and from 20 September 1930 Tashkent. The Uzbek SSR was admitted to the USSR on 13 May 1925 (the USSR had been founded on 30 December 1922), its first Constitution was adopted on 30 March 1927; state and party structures were modelled on the Union’s and in practice were subordinate to the centre. On 16 October 1929 the Tajik SSR replaced the Tajik ASSR and left Uzbekistan, receiving the Khujand okrug; the Karakalpak Autonomous Oblast, formed within Kazakhstan in 1925, joined the Uzbek SSR on 5 December 1936 as the Karakalpak ASSR.