African countries
Answers are for parents and teachers.
1
Compare the resistance in Egypt and Sudan (leaders, aims, outcome).
In Egypt Urabi opposed foreign control (1882, defeated); in Sudan the Mahdi built a religiously inspired state against Egyptian rule (until 1898).
2
Write the consequences of the Berlin Conference rules for Africans.
Borders were drawn without Africans, peoples were split, and colonial conquest accelerated.
3
Write 3 reasons Ethiopia stayed independent.
A united state and strong ruler, modern weapons, the Adwa victory.
4
State the causes of the Anglo-Boer War.
Gold and diamond mines, Britain’s plan to unite South Africa, Boer independence.
5
Describe in a paragraph the difference between French and British colonial administration.
Britain often kept local administration but subordinated it; France dismantled older systems and introduced its own.