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Term 1
Unit 1 Aquatic Ecosystems (topics 1-1 The Hydrosphere on Planet Earth, 1-2 Chemical Properties of Water, 1-3 Physical Properties of Water, 1-4 Aqueous Solutions and Their Properties, 1-5 Biological Importance of Water, 1-6 Biological Adaptations of Organisms in the Aquatic Environment, 1-7 Effect of Atmospheric Gases on Aquatic Environments, 1-8 Effect of Light and Solar Radiation, 1-9 Effect of Water Pressure on Living Organisms, 1-10 Ecological Balance and the Role of Humans); Unit 2 The Atmosphere (2-1 Components and Layers of the Atmosphere, 2-2 Chemical Reactions in the Atmosphere, 2-3 Physical Factors and Their Effect on the Atmosphere, 2-4 The Atmosphere and the Role of Science in Its Sustainability); Term 1 review
1
Hydrosphere and the water cycle
Unit 1 Aquatic Ecosystems, opener and introduction; 1-1 The Hydrosphere on Planet Earth: four spheres, the share of salt, fresh and frozen water, the water cycle, transpiration and excretion
2
Chemical properties of water
1-2 Chemical Properties of Water: the water molecule, polarity, hydrogen bonds and boiling point, water as a universal solvent (NaCl), ionic equilibrium, hydrolysis of salts, pH and its measurement
3
Density and the 4 °C turning point
1-3 Physical Properties of Water (A): density, relative density, the hydrometer, what changes the density of ocean water, ocean currents, the 4 °C maximum density and why lakes freeze from the top
4
Heat, specific heat and Q = mcΔt
1-3 Physical Properties of Water (B): heat and temperature, internal energy, the Kelvin scale, specific heat and Q = mcΔt with worked examples, sea breeze, latent heat of vaporisation, effects on marine organisms
5
Solutions, osmosis and the kinds of cells
1-4 Properties of Aqueous Solutions: solution, solvent and solute, colligative properties (lower vapour pressure, higher boiling point, lower freezing point, osmosis and osmotic pressure); start of 1-5 Biological Importance of Water: water in cells, prokaryotes and eukaryotes, the four kingdoms
6
Cells, metabolism and adaptations
1-5 Biological Importance of Water (rest): organelles, water and metabolism, enzymes; 1-6 Biological Adaptations of Organisms in the Aquatic Environment: structural, behavioural and physiological adaptations, osmotic adaptations
7
Gases and light in water
1-7 Effect of Atmospheric Gases on Aquatic Environments: oxygen and carbon dioxide in water, solubility, acidification and calcification; 1-8 Effect of Light and Solar Radiation: spectrum, light zones, absorption, distribution of life
8
Pressure in water and ecological balance
1-9 Effect of Water Pressure on Organisms: pressure inside a liquid, P = Pa + Pwater, swim bladders, skeletons, cell membranes; 1-10 Ecological Balance and the Role of Humans in Sustaining Aquatic Life
9
The atmosphere: gases and layers
Unit 2 The Atmosphere, opener; 2-1 Components and Layers of the Atmosphere (A): gases of the air and their importance, troposphere, tropopause, stratosphere, the ozone layer, mesosphere and the start of the thermosphere
10
Upper layers, escape velocity and ozone
2-1 Components and Layers (B): ionosphere, aurora, exosphere, escape velocity and Mercury; 2-2 Chemical Reactions in the Atmosphere: ultraviolet rays, ozone formation, ozone depletion and its effects, protection measures, ozone in the troposphere
11
Temperature scales, heat transfer and air pressure
2-3 Physical Factors and Their Effect on the Atmosphere (A): heat and the three temperature scales, conduction, convection, radiation, living through freezing and heat, atmospheric pressure, standard pressure, isobars, the barometer, pressure and the body
12
Blood pressure, wind, plant tissues and humidity
2-3 Physical Factors (B): blood pressure, wind and wind systems, wind speed and plant tissues, humidity, effects of humidity on people and living things, osmoregulation, the data-collection activities
13
Global warming and air pollution
2-4 The Atmosphere and the Role of Science in Its Sustainability (A): global warming and the greenhouse effect, ways to reduce emissions, air pollutants (carbon monoxide, sulphur and nitrogen oxides), formation of acid rain
14
Acid rain damage, scrubbers, monitoring and models
2-4 The Atmosphere and the Role of Science in Its Sustainability (B): effects of acid rain on plants, soil and buildings, scrubbers, monitoring by satellites and weather stations, climate models, forecasting and examples
15
Term 1 review
Term 1 review (Units 1–2) and Darslab's own review tasks
☰ Year plan · Science
Egypt
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Secondary 1
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Science
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Week 3
Density and the 4 °C turning point
Week 3 · 1-3 Physical Properties of Water (A): density, relative density, the hydrometer, what changes the density of ocean water, ocean currents, the 4 °C maximum density and why lakes freeze from the top · 3 lessons
Lesson 1
Lesson 2
Lesson 3
Quiz
8
Homework
5
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The 4 °C turning point: why lakes freeze from the top
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