GoalRead times in a day’s schedule on analogue clocks, use a.m. and p.m., and find times 15 minutes, 30 minutes and 6 hours later.
New words
a.m. · the time from midnight to noonp.m. · the time from noon to midnightschedule · a list of what happens at what time
Explanation
A day has 24 hours, but the clock face shows only 12, so the hands go around twice a day. We use a.m. for the times from midnight to noon, such as 7:00 a.m. for breakfast. We use p.m. for the times from noon to midnight, such as 3:00 p.m. for football. To find a later time, move the minute hand. 15 minutes after 8:00 is 8:15, and 30 minutes after 8:15 is 8:45. When the minutes pass 60, the hour changes: 30 minutes after 8:45 is 9:15. To add 6 hours, count 6 hours on the clock. 6 hours after 7:00 a.m. is 1:00 p.m., because 7 + 6 = 13 and 13 − 12 = 1. The time moves from the morning into the afternoon, so a.m. changes to p.m.
Part of the day
a.m. or p.m.
Example
Morning
a.m.
7:00 a.m. breakfast
After noon
p.m.
3:00 p.m. football
Night
p.m.
8:00 p.m. bedtime
After midnight
a.m.
1:00 a.m. asleep
Worked examples
Marwan wakes up at 7:00 a.m. and has breakfast 15 minutes later. The clock shows breakfast time: 7:15 a.m.
School starts at 8:30 a.m. and the first lesson ends 30 minutes later. The clock shows the start. Half an hour later it is 9:00 a.m.
Event
Time
Homework
9:00 a.m.
Market
3:00 p.m.
Nour starts her homework at 9:00 a.m. on Friday and goes to the market 6 hours later. 9 + 6 = 15, and 15 − 12 = 3, so she goes at 3:00 p.m.
Class activity
My day on clocks. Write your own day’s schedule with six events and their times, such as waking up, school, lunch and bedtime. Say a.m. or p.m. for each. Draw a clock for three of them. Then find the time 15 minutes, 30 minutes and 6 hours after one of the events.
Practice
1
Karim leaves home at the time on the clock (a.m.). School begins 15 minutes later. When does school begin?
The clock shows 7:45 a.m. 15 minutes later is 8:00 a.m.
2
Mina’s football game starts at 4:00 p.m. and lasts 30 minutes. When does it end?
4:30 p.m.
3
Salma starts reading at 5:15 p.m. and stops 30 minutes later. At what time does she stop?
5:45 p.m.
4
A bus leaves at 8:30 a.m. and the trip takes 6 hours. When does it arrive?
8 + 6 = 14, and 14 − 12 = 2, so it arrives at 2:30 p.m.
5
Youssef’s lesson starts at the time on the clock (a.m.) and lasts 30 minutes. When does it end?
The clock shows 10:15 a.m. 30 minutes later is 10:45 a.m.
