Cartilages, joints, ligaments and movement
Answers are for parents and teachers.
1
Name three places in the body where cartilage is found, and give one job of cartilage.
Any three: the ends of bones at joints, between the vertebrae, the outer ear, the nose, the walls of the windpipe. A job: it protects the bones from wearing away by rubbing.
2
Name the kind of joint in each case and say which allows the most movement: the shoulder, the gap between two vertebrae, the seam between two skull bones.
Shoulder: synovial. Between vertebrae: cartilaginous. Skull seam: fibrous. The shoulder allows the most movement.
3
After running, a person feels sudden pain just above the heel. Why should the person see a doctor instead of guessing the cause?
Several structures there can be hurt, such as the Achilles tendon or a muscle, and pain alone does not show which. Only a doctor can examine it and decide what to do.
4
Give one example of movement inside a cell, one of movement of a part of an organism and one of movement of a whole organism.
Inside a cell: cytoplasmic streaming. A part: peristalsis of the intestine. Whole organism: an animal walking or swimming to find food.
5
A corm lies 4 cm deep. Its pulling roots shorten by 3 cm. How deep is it now, and is that deeper or shallower than before?
4 + 3 = 7 cm deep. The corm has been pulled down, so it is deeper.