☰ Year plan · Mathematics

Clocks and division

Week 7 · Clocks in five-minute steps and division · 3 lessons
2

Sharing equally

Discover Mathematics P3: Term 1, Lessons 21–30
GoalShare things equally and write the division equation.
New words
division · sharing or grouping into equal partsdivide (÷) · to share equally; the sign is ÷quotient · the answer to a division
Explanation

Division means sharing equally. Hana puts 15 oranges on 3 plates. She puts one orange on each plate again and again until all are used. Each plate gets 5 oranges. We write 15 ÷ 3 = 5 and read it fifteen divided by three equals five. The sign ÷ means divide, and the answer, 5, is the quotient. Division is the opposite of multiplication: 3 × 5 = 15, so 15 ÷ 3 = 5. We can check a division by multiplying the answer back: 3 × 5 = 15. A tape can show the whole split into equal parts.

Worked examples
Twenty balloons are shared equally among 4 children. Each child gets 5 balloons. 20 ÷ 4 = 5, and the check is 4 × 5 = 20.
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Eighteen stickers are shared among 6 friends. The tape shows 6 equal parts. Each part is 3, so each friend gets 3 stickers: 18 ÷ 6 = 3, because 6 × 3 = 18.
Omar shares 12 pencils equally among 4 children. Each child gets 3 pencils. 12 ÷ 4 = 3. We can check with 4 × 3 = 12.
Class activity

Fair shares. Take 24 beans or buttons. Share them equally into 2 cups, then 3 cups, then 4 cups and then 6 cups. Each time say how many are in one cup and write the division, such as 24 ÷ 3 = 8. Then write the matching multiplication, such as 3 × 8 = 24.

Practice
1
Share the 12 apples equally among 3 baskets. How many apples go in each basket?
2
Share 20 stickers equally among 5 children. How many does each child get?
3
Write a division equation and a multiplication equation for 8 sweets shared among 2 children.
4
Can 10 pens be shared equally among 3 children with none left over? Explain.
5
Seif shares 24 marbles equally among 4 friends. How many marbles does each friend get?